Biography of Paulo Coelho, Brazilian Writer

Paulo Coehlo (born August 24, 1947) is a Brazilian writer and lyricist from Rio de Janeiro. He achieved fame with his second novel, The Alchemist, which has sold at least 65 million copies and holds the Guinness World Record for being the most translated book in the world by a living author. Fast Facts: Paulo Coelho Known For:  Brazilian writer/novelistBorn:  August 24, 1947 in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilParents:  Lygia Araripe Coelho de Souza, Pedro Queima Coelho de SouzaSpouse:  Christina OiticicaPublished Works: The Pilgrimage, The Alchemist, Brida, The Valkyries, By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept, The Fifth Mountain, Veronika Decides to Die, The Devil and Miss Prym, The Witch of Portobello, Aleph, Adultery, HippieAwards and Honors: United Kingdom’s 2004 Nielsen Gold Book Award, France’s Grand Prix Litteraire Elle in 1995, Germany’s 2002 Corine International Award for fictionNotable Quote: â€Å"And, when you want something, all the universe conspires in helping you to achieve it.† (The Alchemist) Early Life and Education Coelho was born in Rio de Janeiro to devout Catholic parents, Lygia Araripe Coelho de Souza and Pedro Queima Coelho de Souza, and attended Jesuit schools during his childhood. He had dreams of being a writer early in his life, but his parents were opposed as they felt it was a dead-end career. They went so far as to commit him to a mental asylum three times, beginning when he was 17; he was subject to electro-shock therapy there. He eventually began law school at the request of his parents, but dropped out in the 1970s, joining Brazils hippie subculture and traveling abroad. Early Career Under the Dictatorship In 1972, Coelho began to write lyrics for Brazilian rock singer Raul Seixas, one of many musicians protesting the military dictatorship that was in place between 1964 and 1985. The military overthrew a left-leaning president in 1964 and began a campaign of repression, utilizing censorship, kidnapping, and torture and targeting left-wing activists, artists, and intellectuals. Coelho was imprisoned various times during the dictatorship and subjected to torture, an experience he wrote about in a 2019 op-ed for the Washington Post. In that piece he drew connections between the military dictatorship and the current authoritarian-leaning presidency of Jair Bolsonaro, who has professed admiration and nostalgia for the dictatorship. Coelhos Pilgrimage and The Alchemist After traveling to Europe in 1982 and meeting a spiritual mentor, Coelho embarked on the famous Road to Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage in Spain in 1986. This event changed his life, led him to return to Catholicism, and inspired his first novel, The Pilgrimage. From then on, he devoted himself to writing. He later stated regarding the impact of his pilgrimage, When I reached Compostela,  at the end of the Road to Santiago, I thought, what am I going to do with my life? That’s when I made the decision to burn all my bridges and become a writer.† Brazilian writer Paulo Coelho poses next to a plate with his name during his visit to Santiago de Compostela, northwestern Spain, on June 23, 2008.   Miguel Riopa / Getty Images It was Coelhos second novel, The Alchemist, that converted him into a household name. The book chronicles the journey of a young Andalusian shepherd, Santiago, who embarks on a search for an Egyptian treasure that has appeared in his dreams; he ultimately finds the treasure back in his homeland. The novel is filled with inspirational messages about destiny that have been widely quoted. Published in Coelhos native Portuguese in 1988, it was not until it was translated to French in the early 1990s that the novel caught the attention of the world. New translations followed and The Alchemist holds the Guinness World Record for the most translated book in the world by any living author. It has sold anywhere between 65 and 80 million copies. Actor Laurence Fishburne has spent close to two decades trying to develop the novel into a feature film, and it appears the project may be coming to fruition soon. Author Paulo Coelho poses for a photograph at the London Book Fair as he is presented with the Guiness World Record for the most translations of a single title signed by the author in one sitting on April 16, 2007 in London, England.   Chris Jackson / Getty Images Since The Alchemist, Coelho has published a book roughly every two years. He has published both fiction and non-fiction/memoir, and is known for drawing on themes of spirituality and self-discovery. His novels often combine personal narratives with larger, philosophical questions. He also blogs extensively at http://paulocoelhoblog.com/ and is an active Twitter user who often posts inspirational quotes for his followers. Reception of Coelhos Work Despite his massive popularity with readers, Coelho has not always been lauded by literary critics, particularly in his home country of Brazil. Some critics believe he writes in a non-literary and unadorned style, at least in his native tongue of Portuguese. His books have also been critiqued as being more self-help than literature, as offering snake-oil mysticism, and for being full of vapid, inspirational messages such as what you might find on a Hallmark card. Coelho became a target of literary critics particularly in 2012, when he disparaged the work of James Joyce, widely considered to be one of the best writers of the 20th century. Sources Paulo Coelho. Britannica.com. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paulo-Coelho, accessed August 8, 2019.Goodyear, Dana. The Magus: The Astonishing Appeal of Paulo Coelho. The New Yorker, April 30, 2007. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2007/05/07/the-magus, accessed August 8, 2019.Morais, Fernando. Paulo Coelho: A Warriors Life: The Authorized Biography. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2009.

Essay On Renaissance Art - 1203 Words

The Renaissance was a time when many things were happening. A lot of things were being created in this era such as paper, printing, and gun powder. Artists were also discovering ways of painting and expression. Usually, Renaissance artists had skills in other area such writing. Leonardo Da Vinci had mastered several different sciences and was the artists that created the famous painting The Last Supper. The people and the painters during this era were feeling positive because the world did not end the way people thought it would. They were also feeling because of the growth and development during this era. The painters felt as though they owed artists before them a lot for the knowledge that was passed on to them. The painters could†¦show more content†¦He painted the disciples in groups of three at the table. He painted the disciples with modern clothes, foods, and dishes. Leonardo had to do several different sketches to prepare himself to do the painting. He worried about details like how the face of Judas and Christ would look. There was a rumor that he used his own face for the face of Judas in the painting. The People that are depicted in the Last Supper are in groups of three doing different things. If you look across the painting from left to right, you will see the differences between the groups of three. Andrew, James Minor, and Bartholomew form the first group of three on the left-hand side of Jesus together and are all filled with shock. John, Peter, and Judas form the second group of three on the left hand-side of Jesus and appear shocked, angry, greedy. Philip, James Major, and Thomas are the next set of three on the right-hand side of Jesus and appear stunned, upset, and seeking for clarification. Simon, Thaddeus, and Matthew are the second group of three of the right-hand side of Jesus and appear to be seeking for explanations and receiving them as well. In the first group of three that are on the left-hand side of Jesus, Andrew, on the disciples, is holding up his hand in a â€Å"stop† or surprised-like gesture. In the second group of three that are on the left-hand side of Jesus, Judas, to no surprise, is shown carrying a bag of silver and his face is like a shadow, Peter is noticeably angry and John looksShow MoreRelatedEssay on Renaissance Art1826 Words   |  8 PagesThe Renaissance was a period of European history that began in 14th-century Italy and spread to the rest of Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. In this period, the feudal society of the Middle Ages (5th century to 15th century) was transformed into a society dominated by central political institutions, with an urban, commercial economy and patronage of education, the arts, and music. The term renaissance, literally meaning rebirth, was first employed in 1855 by French historian Jules MicheletRead MoreThe Renaissance in Art Essay957 Words   |  4 Pag esRenaissance Art When the new upper class movement, Renaissance, occurred in Italy around the 14th century, a revival of the classical forms originally developed by the ancient Greeks and Romans, an intensified concern with secular life, and interest in humanism and assertion of the importance of the individual began. Thus, artists such as Mosaccio and Giotto depicted art that unlike the Middle Ages, showed emotions, feelings, and bright colors, thus demonstrating the deep concern for naturalismRead MoreEssay The Renaissance and Art1419 Words   |  6 Pages The â€Å"rebirth† of art in Italy was connected with the rediscovery of ancient philosophy, literature, and science and the evolution of empirical methods of study in these fields. 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There was the Age of Exploration when Columbus â€Å"discovered† America in 1492, as well as Magellan’s and other Europeans’ discoveries around areas of Africa. The African slave trade fueled European Renaissance. There were several works that helped establish the era such as the â€Å"Arenal Chapels at Pagua† which was a dramatization of JesusRead More Humanism and Its Effects on Renaissance Art Essay1034 Words   |  5 PagesBeginning roughly around the year 1400 an era in Europe began; one that would shape the ideas and the lives of men. This era of rebirth or renaissance came within the fifteenth century through the revival of classical texts. One central effect of the Renaissance was the production of a new intellectual idea: humanism. Humanism being defined as a, â€Å"[t]erm invented in the 19th century. . . [regarding] developments relating to the revival of Classical literature and learning in European culture fromRead MoreEarly Italian Renai ssance Art Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pagesand Child’. This depiction has its roots in Early Christian art due to the iconic roles that Christ and Mary play in the Christian religion (Dunkerton 37). The ‘Madonna and Child’ has had a place in many of the early periods and traditions of art. Religious themes were able to command such a strong presence in the history of art due to their role as devotional aides in churches and other religious buildings (Dunkerton 27). Religious art was well maintained by religious orders and churches, and manyRead MoreStudying Renaissance through Its Art Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesWhen we think about art there are many mediums used to express how artist feel. Some artists express themselves using pictures, music, or films. When you think of specific time periods the art work of that period expresses the overall emotions of the people, and we can learn a lot about a time period by studying the art of the time. The time period t hat most expresses is the Renaissance. The Renaissance is known for the paintings, sculptures and most decorative art from the European period historyRead MoreEssay about Early Renaissance Art918 Words   |  4 Pages Art has gone through many significant developments throughout history. The most important turning point was the renaissance. Art took a huge turn before the 1500’s and even after. The Renaissance has assisted the world of art in breaking away from a classic structure and shaping it to what it is day. Prior to this cultural rebirth, artworks were mostly not made to scale. Paintings were unrealistic and disproportionate. Religious figures seemed to be the focus of many works. The Renaissance changed

Correctional Treatment Free Essays

string(63) " release of low risk offenders \(Latessa Smith, 2007\)\." THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CORRECTIONAL TREATMENT Samuel Crosby II Liberty University Abstract There are many different theories on how to keep recidivism rates from increasing, thus preventing crime. Studies do not show that incarceration can accomplish this task alone; however, there is empirical evidence that supports the idea of implementing effective correctional treatment to reduce the recidivism rates. There are conflicting opinions that show a discrepancy between those that believe that criminals should punished for their crimes or afforded the ability to receive treatment while in the correctional system. We will write a custom essay sample on Correctional Treatment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Surveys show that Americans support the idea of offenders being incarcerated while being rehabilitated; however, they are not in favor of a solely punitive justice system. In light of the evidence that incarceration does not reduce the recidivism rates, there are other identified alternatives that have been proven to be more effective. This paper will discuss some of the correctional programs that work, the principles necessary for their success and the barriers and strategies for implementation of these treatment programs. The Effectiveness of Correctional Treatment In 2003 there were nearly seven million people in the United States under some form of correctional control (Lowenkamp, Latessa and Smith 2006). Other statistics show that in the next year almost five million offenders were on probation or parole (Bonta, Rugge, Scott, Bourgon, Yessine, 2008). With such great numbers of offenders in the correctional system, one can see how important effective correctional treatment would be in reducing recidivism. However there are conflicting opinions on whether or not treatment should be provided for criminal offenders and whether or not such reatment is actually effective. Some believe that corrections should be utilized as a punishment for offenders and justice for victims; however, others support the idea of punishment and justice in conjunction with rehabilitation to provide for social welfare (Cullen, Smith, Lowenkamp, Latessa, 2007). The risk principle states that the level of supervision or services be equal to the level of the offender ris k. The need principle targets characteristics that are closely related to the likelihood of an offender re-offending. The responsivity principle is based on the social and learning principles. Assessing the offenders risk and needs at the beginning of supervision has shown to be an essential part to determine the possibility of the offender re-offending. Treatment should offer a variety of different interventions that will be conducive to the population in which it is intended to serve. One important goal of correctional treatment should be to prevent crime, provide public safety, and rehabilitate offenders, thus reducing recidivism. Research on Incapacitation The theory of incapacitation is that we have the ability to prevent offenders from committing more crimes. When we incarcerate an offender who commits a crime, they are no longer able to commit any more crimes in the community. Collective incapacitation is one of two basic approaches that suggest that we take all offenders who commit crimes and place them into prison. Selective incapacitation suggests that we identify those individuals who will commit crimes in the future and place them in prison. This approach is less expensive, every criminal is not incarcerated and prison space is not being wasted on offenders who should not be incarcerated for long periods of time. The effect that confinement has on reducing the crime rated is called the incapacitative effect. Research has not supported recidivism reductions through incarceration. In addition, such excessive use of prison sentences is costly (Smith et al. , 2002). For example, Smith, Goggin, and Gendreau (2002) conducted an investigation on deterrent effects of prison sentence length. Conclusions revealed that there is a correlation between increases in recidivism and an increase in the length of time the offender was incarcerated. Ultimately, research supported the hypothesis that recidivism reductions should not be expected through incapacitation. Support for Punishment in Corrections There is conflicting research and opinions regarding whether or not criminal offenders should be punished through criminal sanctions or receive treatment while in the correctional system. It proceeds with the belief that prison officials, who should not be referred to as correctional officers, are there to assist criminals in accepting responsibility for past criminal actions and accountability for their current behaviors. Intermediate Sanctions Intermediate sanctioning is defined as a punishment option that is considered on a continuum to fall between probation and incarceration (Latessa Smith, 2007). There are some criminal offenses where jail time is not an appropriate sentencing. The punishment should equal the crime committed. These sanctions were originally created to provide a wide variety of alternatives to incarceration and to cut down on the expense of housing an inmate. There are different types of intermediate sanctions: intensive supervision programs, electronic monitoring programs, house arrest, home detention, drug court and boot camps just to name a few. Intermediate sanctions must be perceived as reasonably safe, they must address the public’s desire for punishment through community control, secure restitution for victims and offer an opportunity for positive change by providing treatment and employment skills. Intensive supervision started back in the 1950’s and it is seen as the most commonly used community based intermediate sanction (Latessa Smith, 2007). Research shows that intensive supervision did not curtail recidivism; it leads to more technical violations, higher failure rates and more revocations (Latessa Smith 2007). Electronic Monitoring As a part of intensive supervision, an offender may also be placed on electronic monitoring (EM), which was introduced in 1964 by Schwitzgebel (Latessa Smith, 2007). Those placed on EM have been classified as high risk based on their risk and need assessment. The goal of EM is to provide a cost-effective tool for offenders outside of being incarcerated in prison. EM does not target nor does it reduce the risk factors that are correlated with offender recidivism (Latessa Smith 2007). Boot Camp Boot camps began in 1983 in Georgia and Oklahoma and have since for quite some time flourished throughout the nation. The primary purpose of the program is to manage prison population growth by facilitating early release of low risk offenders (Latessa Smith, 2007). You read "Correctional Treatment" in category "Papers" While in a boot camp offenders are subjected to military drills and discipline, physical exercise, hard physical labor, specialized education and training and counseling and treatment for substance abuse and addiction (Latessa Smith ,2007). Research regarding the effects of boot camps shows no reduction in the crime rates. Latessa and Smith, 2007 suggest that boot camps have two fatal flaws: they fail to target criminogenic risk factors and they model aggressive behavior. Therefore, it has been determined that boot camps do not do a good job at reducing recidivism rates. In a study in Texas in 1999 four different types of community facilities were compared, of those four boot camps reported re-arrest rates nearly double the other programs (Latessa Smith, 2007). Drug Courts Drug Court is a program that is made up of a team that includes the probation officer, the court, treatment provider and someone who brings everyone together at a particular time to discuss the progress of the offender while in the program. It offers increased offender contacts as well as substance abuse treatment. This program is for those offenders who were under the influence of drugs when they committed their crime. If the drug problem is addressed, the likelihood of the offender committing new crimes can be reduced, this program is cost effective and it reduces recidivism rates a little (Latessa Smith, 2007). Probation Probation is a court-ordered period of supervision that is served in the community as an alternative to prison. In some cases, an offender can receive a split sentence where a period of incarceration is served and once completed a period of probation is served in the community. Research shows that probation alone is not very effective in reducing recidivism. However, rehabilitative efforts are most effective when provided in the community in lieu of incarceration. In a 1998 National institute of Justice study of what works, there were a number of intermediate sanctions that were not effective in reducing recidivism rates. Included were boot camps, probation, home detention with electronic monitoring and wilderness programs for youthful offenders (Latessa Smith, 2007). Gendreau, Goggin, and Fulton (1996) as cited in Latessa Smith (2007) conducted a meta- analysis of intermediate sanctions, they examined a total of 44 ISP programs, of those they found no effect of recidivism and in some cases they found an increase in recidivism. Cognitive Behavioral Programs There is growing evidence that cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) methods are among the most effective in reducing offender recidivism rates. This method targets antisocial attitudes, values, beliefs (Smith, 2007). It attempts to restructure criminal thinking as well as developing appropriate new skills. A meta-analysis of sixty-nine research studies that covered both behavioral and cognitive behavioral programs concluded that CBT were most effective in regards to reducing recidivism (Landenberger Lipsey, 2005). Lipsey and Landenberger discovered that the treatment of those offenders who are more likely to re-offend, extensive staff training, and CBT being set up for research purpose and not real world purposes, tends to have a larger effect on the recidivism rates. Ideally in theory, these methods can be used as a preventative measure for victims of domestic abuse and other social issues that are potential gateways to becoming involved in the criminal justice system. Domestic abuse is another unfortunate way that children can become involved with the justice system. A child’s types of maltreatment, gender, age and support systems are all additional factors that affect a child’s response to the exposure of domestic violence (Overlien, 2009). Children that are younger are more vulnerable to be affected by the abuse because they are more likely to view the abuse in the home visually as opposed to older children (Overlien, 2009). The exposure of domestic violence has been known to be associated with many other problems in children. Some of these problems include: â€Å"poor peer relationships, higher loneliness levels during school, less likely to get along with other children, more likely to get into fights, more likely to be disliked by peers and showing more aggression towards the same sex peers† (Hunter, Katz Klowden, 2008). There are also children that are exposed to domestic violence that do not react negatively. A study that was done in a battered women’s shelter showed that one third of the children in this particular shelter had no particular outcomes from being exposed to abuse in the home. It was concluded that those children were members of families that avoided from the negative effects of domestic violence (Hunter, Katz Klowden, 2008). Evidence-Based Corrections Research indicates that criminal justice agencies can reduce offender recidivism rates greatly by implementing a series of evidence-based practices. To implement these types of programs will require agencies to change the way they think to do their day to day operations. Interventions within corrections are considered effective when they reduce offender risk and recidivism and therefore make a positive long-term contribution towards public safety (Clawson, Bogue, Joplin, 2005). There are eight principles for effective offender interventions. The first step in correctional treatment is evaluating the offender’s predictors of recidivism. The second principle is to enhance intrinsic motivation. Research strongly suggests that motivational interviewing effectively enhance motivation for initiating and maintaining behavior changes (Clawson, Bogue Joplin, 2005). The third principle is the responsivity principle. It evaluates the offender’s learning styles and capabilities to match the offender with the appropriate treatment style and treatment provider. The fourth principle is to make sure that the staff is well trained to use cognitive behavioral treatment methods. The fifth principle is to increase positive reinforcement. Research shows that a ratio of four positive to every one negative reinforcement is optimal for promoting behavioral change (Clawson et al. , 2005). The sixth principle is to engage ongoing support in natural communities. Offenders tend to revert back to their old ways when they return to their communities (Clawson et al. , 2005). The seventh principle is to evaluate related processes and practices by obtaining comprehensive and accurate documentation of case information that is necessary for measuring outcomes of evidence-based practices (Clawson et al. 2005). The final principle is to provide measurable feedback to offenders regarding their progress, which builds accountability and is associated with enhanced motivation to change (Clawson et al. , 2005). There are eight lessons that can be learned from Michael Lewis’s book, Moneyball. This book documents the effective use of evidence-based practices. Moneyball provides useful information through which to assess why many corr ectional agencies are ineffective in the services they provide. The first lesson is that correctional treatment programs are not financed properly as resources to effectively implement programs are scarce during an economic crisis (Cullen, Myer Latessa, 2009). The second lesson is that correction is often based on common sense rather than scientific evidence (Cullen et al. , 2009). The third lesson is that correctional officials are in favor of programs that â€Å"look good† rather than programs that are effective based on evidence (Cullen et al. , 2009). The fourth lesson is that theories that lack empirical evidence lead to ineffective intervention programs (Cullen et al. , 2009). The fifth lesson is that corrections is charged with making an array of different and difficult decisions; who to place in jail, who to place on some type of community supervision and who to provide services to(Cullen et al. , 2009). The sixth lesson is correction knowledge destruction techniques will be used to reject evidence-based approaches. These are attempts to undermine the accomplishments of successful interventions (Cullen et al. , 2009). The seventh lesson is that in corrections there is a high cost when scientific evidence on what works is ignored. The eighth and final lesson in corrections is that evidence-based practices will eventually be difficult to ignore (Cullen et al. , 2009). There are three challenges that will have to be addressed in order for an evidence-based model to take hold and shape practice (Cullen et al. , 2009). The first challenge is for the new generation of criminologists to engage in knowledge construction, that is, to use evidence to design the interventions that are geared towards offender reform. The second challenge is that criminologists should be more apt to share the information in regards to how best to assess and reform offenders with other scholars, this is known as knowledge dissemination. The third and final challenge is to make sure that when evidence-based practices are developed and shared, that the programs are implemented and sustained with integrity (Cullen et al. , 2009). Risk Assessments There are two types of risk factors: static and dynamic. Static predictors cannot be changed. For example, past history of misconduct, criminal history, prior arrest, age of first arrest, or the number of times of incarceration (Smith, 2007). Dynamic predictors are things that are capable of being changed, such as, antisocial values, peer association, substance abuse, criminal thinking and lack of employment. The first generations, also known as clinical assessments, do not use tests or checklists to classify offenders (Gendreau, Goggin Smith, 1999). Counselors use their own professional judgment and gut feelings to classify offenders. The second generation of risk assessments uses actuarial risk assessment instruments (Van Voorhis, 2008). This assessment used structured tests to predict whether or not an offender would re-offend. This assessment is a step up from the first generation, but it still lacks the ability to help make treatment decisions and programming decisions (Van Voorhis, 2008). The final generation of risk assessment is not limited to static variable. It takes into account that prior criminal activity in not the only prerequisite for re-offending. An example of this type of risk assessment is the Level of Service Inventory. It combines the dynamic risk factors and the static risk factors into one instrument that produces one score (Gendreau et al. , 1999). The score shows how likely an offender will commit future criminal activity. It has been determined to be one of the best instruments available in predicting recidivism (Smith, 2007). Strategies for Effective Program Implementation There is evidence that shows a correlation between reductions in recidivism and the quality of implementation. Gendreau, Goggin Smith (1999) comprised a preliminary list of 32 guiding principles for effective program implementation. These principles have been categorized under four topics which are general organization factors, program factors, change agent and staffing activities (Gendreau et al. , 1999). General Organization Factors Organizational factors deal with the agency implementing the program (Gendreau et al. , 1999) recommend that agencies have a history of efficient program implementations. These agencies should be decentralized and flexible for better handling of problems that may arise; such issues need to be resolved in a timely manner and on a non-confrontational basis. Treatment programs should include bi-annual assessments of offenders and include a formal program on instruction. Agencies need professional connections to consultants or educational specialists for assistance when necessary. A major factor to consider is personnel issues within the agency providing treatment. Programs will be more successful when little organizational conflict and low staff turnover exists. Program Factors Treatment programs must be supported by key individuals and the community. The host agency should be responsible for program funding; however, such funding must not interrupt the already existing programs and should be cost effective. According to (Gendreau et al. , 1999) most programs lack adequate literature review prior to implementation. Therefore, the program should be researched and empirically based. Programs should be transitional and focus on organizational goals. Research shows that a 15 to 30 percent decreases in recidivism is a reasonable goal to reach; programs should be implemented with such reasonable goals (Gendreau et al. , 1999). Conclusion Empirically based correctional treatment programs are very important. Continued research is necessary to determine what new programs will be effective in reducing crime. While there have been some programs that have been identified and have shown the promise of being effective, more research must to be done to convince policy makers that correctional treatment can be effective and is well worth the money spent to prevent future criminal activity. References Bonta, J. , Rugge, T. , Scott, T. , Bourgon, G. , Yessine, A. K. (2008). Exploring the Black Box of Community Supervision. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 47, 248-270. Clawson, E. , B. Bogue and L. Joplin (2005) Implementing Evidenced-based Practices in Corrections . Cullen, F. T. , Smith, P. , Lowenkemp, C. T. , and Latessa, E. J. (2007). Nothing Works Revisted: Deconstructing Farabee’s Rethinking Rehabilitation. Forthcoming Journal of Offender Rehabilitation. Cullen F. T. , A. J. Myer, and E. J. Latessa (2009). Eight Lessons Learned from Moneyball: The High Cost of Ignoring Evidence-Based Corrections Victim and Offenders Journal of Evidence-Based Policies and Practices Gendreau, P. , Goggin, C. , , P. (1999). The Forgotten Issue in Effective Correctional Treatment: Program Implementation. International Journal of Offender Therapy, 43, 108-187. Hunter, E. , Katz, L. F. , Klowden, A. , (2008). Intimate Partner Violence and Children’s Reaction to Peer Provocation: The moderating Role of Emotion Coaching. Journal of Family Psychology, doi: 10. 1037/a0012793 Landenberger, N. A. , and M. W. Lipsey (2005). The Positive Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Programs for Offenders: A Meta Analysis of Factors Associated with Effective Treatment. Journal of Experimental Criminology, (in press). Latessa, E. J. P. Smith. (2007). Corrections in the Community. Lowenkamp, C. , T. , E. Latessa, and P. Smith (2006). Does Correctional Program Quality Really Matter? The Impact of Adhering to the Principles of Effective Intervention. Criminology and Public Policy, 5 (3). Overlien, C. , (2009, December 8). Children Exposed to Domestic Violence: Conclusions from The Literature and Challenges Ahead. Journal of Social Work, 10(80) doi: 10. 1177/1468017309350663 Smith, P. , C. Goggin, P. Gendreau (2002). The effects of Prison Sentences and Intermediate Sanctions on Recidivism: General Effects and Individual Differences. Van Voorhis, P. , M. Braswell D. Lester. , (2007). Correctional Counseling Rehabilitation. How to cite Correctional Treatment, Papers